Pennisetum is from the latin penna meaning feather and seta meaning bristle and refers to the feather like bristles on the flowers, of some species in this genus. Cenchrus clandestinus pennisetum clandestinum is a creeping, matforming grass that originates from tropical eastern africa. Obtaining of reducing sugars from kikuyu grass pennisetum. Samples of kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum from 19 farms located in five municipalities in the antioquia department of colombia were analysed for proximate constituents and for the. Full article pdf usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. Because of its rapid growth and aggressive nature, it is categorised as a. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Management of kikuyu pennisetum clandestinum for improved. Nutritional value of kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum.
Clandestinum refers to the clandestine or hidden seed heads. Lush growth associated with excessive application of nitrogen can result in nitrate poisoning and even bloat, although the latter is rare. Methane production and digestibility of kikuyu grass pennisetum. Pennisetum setaceum rubrum should be planted on a welldrained site that is exposed to full sun. Historyand background kikuyugrass pennisetum clandestinum is a warmseason grass that is native to the kenyan highlands ofafrica. Cenchrus clandestinus pennisetum clandestinum hochst. However, it is also a popular garden lawn species in australia, new zealand, south africa and. Evaluation of basta on kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum. Four nutritional problems are recognised in kikuyu nitrate poisoning, bloat, oxalate poisoning, and kikuyu poisoning.
Plants profile for pennisetum clandestinum kikuyugrass. Kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum 1 is a strong, creeping perennial grass, a native of uganda, africa. Cenchrus clandestinus pennisetum clandestinum is a creeping. Kikuyu pennisetum clandestinum vro agriculture victoria. If managed correctly, kikuyu can provide nutritional feed. Herbicide control of kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum without. The higher rates should be used for heavy or wellestablished infestations.
This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. This is an excerpt from weeds of hawaiis pastures and natural areas. Grazing capacity, milk production and milk composition article pdf available in african journal of range and forage science 253. New male sterile varieties such as crowne and village green stay greener in winter and do not visibly flower. Widely used as a pasture and lawn species muyt 2001. To estimate the parameters of ruminal calcium ca, phosphorus p, magnesium mg and potassium k kinetics release from kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum harvest at two cutting ages, an in situ test was developed utilizing four holstein rumen cannulated females. Effects of sodium sulphate, sodium chloride and manganese. Kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum by bill fulkerson kikuyu for dairy cows kikuyu requires high soil fertility for good growth. The leaves are green, flattened or upwardly folded along the midrib, 10150 m 3905,910 in long, and 15 mm 0.
It is a deep rooted, sod forming grass, spread by seed, rhizomes underground runners, and stolens above ground runners. This grass is grown as a perennial in most of florida zones 9 through 10 but is an annual in cooler climates. Index librorum prohibitorum sanctissimi domini nostri leonis. It is a coursetextured grass with a rapid growth rate, and it is commonly used as a forage grass andturf in mild coastal climates. Australian consignments of pennisetum clandestinum seed can be endorsed free from striga asiatica without any evidence presented except for seed sourced from the mackay area which cannot be endorsed. The tropical grass species pennisetum clandestinum is known by several common names, most often kikuyu grass, as it is native to the highland regions of east africa that is home to the kikuyu people. Back to poaceae of orange county, california back to monocots of orange county, california. Pennisetum clandestinum in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Feeding value of wild napier grass pennisetum macrourum for. Pennisetum clandestinum seed department of agriculture. University of kwazulunatal, pietermaritzburg, 2007.
Pennisetum advena rubrum require low maintenance once established. Improvement of bermudagrass, kikuyugrass, and zoysiagrass for winter color retention and drought tolerance adam j. View of methane production and digestibility of kikuyu grass. Plants grow poorly in the partial shade unless the soil has been cleared of roots surrounding trees and shrubs. In frost zones can be overwintered in sheltered containers. Effects of sodium sulphate, sodium chloride and manganese sulphate on kikuyu pennisetum clandestinum growth and ion uptake. Index librorum prohibitorum sanctissimi domini nostri leonis xiii pont. Pennisetum villosum, but it is expected that similar results should occur with.
T e c h n o t e kikuyu grass welcome to future dairy. Stem and leaves plants are a network of horizontal manyjointed stems i. Devido a textura mediogrossa, com rizomas e estoloes bem vigorosos, forma um gramado resistente e denso. Native to east africa, kikuyu was originally imported to australia as a pasture grass. Details methane production and digestibility of kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum and potato solanum tuberosum mixtures. It gets its common name, kikuyu grass, from the fact that it is native to the area in which the kikuyu tribe live. Kikuyu is a grass tolerant to salinity up to 100 mm, suggesting its possible utilization in saline land where the survival of other fodder species is markedly reduced. Kinetics of macromineral release in the rumen from kikuyu. Abstract kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum hoechst ex chiov, is the more utilized forage on dairy cattle specialized herds in the colombian andes. South african dairy farmers have generally used kikuyu pasture to tide them over from one ryegrass season to the next, and as a result of its resilient nature, have assumed careful management of it to be unnecessary. Pennisetum clandestinum kikuyu grass this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Red witchweed striga asiatica is recognised as not occurring in any australian states and territories except the mackay area of queensland.
These kikuyu based production systems face several key challenges to achieving high levels of productivity. Article pdf available in livestock research for rural development 204 april 2008 with,586 reads. Pennisetum clandestinum is a rhizomatous grass with matted roots and a grasslike or herbaceous habit. Because of its rapid growth and aggressive nature, it is categorised as a noxious weed in some regions. The amount of pasture grown and converted to animal product is closely linked with the profitability of pasturebased systems. Tolerant fodder grass article pdf available in communications in soil science and plant analysis 37910.
Experiment 1 was a nutritive value determination using four crossbred steers and four diets in a 4. It is palatable, resistant to heavy grazing and mostly used for pasture. Kikuyu is a fast repairing grass following wear and tolerates dry periods in summer. It is suited to the subtropics and is endemic on the east coast of australia, north of sydney and under irrigation in south west of western australia. Valor nutricional del pasto kikuyo pennisetum clandestinum. Kikuyugrass az1 pennisetum clandestinum 95% minimum purity 85% minimum germination. Three samples of this grass were harvested at 32 and 58 of regrowth days. California is suffering from a serious drought and the future of turfgrass and other. The clandestine flowering of kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum. Kikuyu botanical dictionary of plant names and uses. Aug 25, 2003 two experiments were conducted to evaluate the feeding value of pennisetum macrourum, commonly known as wild napier grass, as a feed for cattle. Grama kikuyu grama kikuyu o kikuyu pennisetum clandestinum e uma grama nativa da regiao leste da africa e e utilizada como gramado em algumas regioes do mundo. Kikuyu grass is a warm season perennial lawn grass adapted to irrigated areas of the lower deserts in arizona.
Nutritional value of kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum hoechst ex chiov. Article pdf available in livestock research for rural development 204 april 2008 with 3,790 reads. Kikuyu botanical dictionary of plant names and uses gachathi, f. Valor nutricional del pasto kikuyo pennisetum clandestinum hoechst ex chiov. This grass seems to be completely evergreen red in frost free zones, but goes deciduous with frost and it is root hardy to 6 to 3c 2025f. Pennisetum clandestinum hoechst ex chiov, is the most utilized forage in dairy cattle specialized herds in the colombian andes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the mixture of different. New south wales department of primary industries, orange agricultural. Energy value, intake, production and nutritional efficiency abstract. Threat of invasive alien plants to native flora and forest vegetation of eastern polynesia. Prefers sandy soils of lowland areas, and has failed to thrive in very heavy soils, dry areas and cooler montane zones walsh and entwisle 1994. It was first introduced by the united states department of agriculture in 1915, and tested in california in 1916 at several places. Kikuyu pennisetum clandestinum is regarded as an environmental weed in victoria, south australia, western australia, new south wales and queensland. Vegetable crops and rose geraniums grown in association with kikuyu grass pennisetum clandestinum controlled with fluazifoppbutyl.
1079 1190 1275 433 62 55 899 1247 1014 862 234 1229 914 1071 372 476 138 1357 1466 727 327 532 1034 122 983 996 1222 277 588 1420 1459 923 842 416